National Awards - Bharat Ratna

National Awards - Bharat Ratna


Bharat Ratna is India’s highest Civilian Award.It was first awarded  in1954.The actual award is designed in the shape of Peepal leaf with Bharat  Ratna inscribed in Devanagiri script in the Sun Figure.The reverse side of the  decoration Satyameva Jayate has been written in Hindi with an inscription  off state emblem.The emblem,the Sun and the rim are of platinum.The  inscriptions are in burnished bronze. 


Bharat Ratna Award: List of recipients

Year 

Laureates 

Brief Description

Bharat Ratna  1954

C.  

Rajagopalachari (First recipient  of Bharat Ratna  Award)

An Indian independence activist,  statesman, and lawyer, Rajagopalachari  was the only Indian and last Governor General of independent India. He was  Chief Minister of Madras Presidency  (1937–39) and Madras State (1952–54);  and founder of the Indian political party  Swatantra Party.



Sarvepalli  

Radhakrishnan (First recipient  of Bharat Ratna  Award)

He served as India's first Vice President (1952–62) and  second President (1962–67). Since  1962, his birthday on 5 September is  observed as "Teachers' Day" in India.

C. V. Raman 

(First recipient  of Bharat Ratna  Award)

Widely known for his work on the  scattering of light and the discovery of  the effect, better known as "Raman  scattering", Raman mainly worked in the  field of atomic  physics and electromagnetism and was  presented Nobel Prize in Physics in  1930.

Bharat Ratna  1955

Bhagwan Das 

Independence activist, philosopher, and  educationist, and co-founder  of Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapithand  worked with Madan Mohan Malaviya for  the foundation of Banaras Hindu  University.

M. Visvesvaraya 

Civil engineer, statesman, and Diwan of  Mysore (1912–18), was a Knight  Commander of the Order of the Indian  Empire. His birthday, 15 September, is  observed as "Engineer's Day" in India.

Jawaharlal  

Nehru

Independence activist and author, Nehru  is the first and the longest-serving Prime  Minister of India (1947–64).


Bharat Ratna  1957

Govind Ballabh  Pant

Independence activist Pant was premier  of United Provinces (1937–39, 1946–50)  and first Chief Minister of Uttar  Pradesh (1950–54). He served as Union  Home Minister from 1955–61.

Bharat Ratna  1958

Dhondo Keshav  Karve

Social reformer and educator, Karve is  widely known for his works related to  woman education and remarriage of  Hindu widows. He established the Widow  Marriage Association (1883), Hindu  Widows Home (1896), and  started Shreemati Nathibai Damodar  Thackersey Women's University in 1916.

0Bharat Ratna  1961

Bidhan Chandra  Roy

A physician, political leader,  philanthropist, educationist, and social  worker, Roy is often considered as  "Maker of Modern West Bengal". He was  second Chief Minister of West  Bengal (1948–62) and his birthday on 1  July is observed as National Doctors'  Day in India.

Purushottam Das  Tandon

Often titled as "Rajarshi", Tandon was  an independence activist and served as  speaker of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative  Assembly (1937–50). He was actively  involved in a campaign to get official  language status to Hindi.


Bharat Ratna  1962

Rajendra Prasad 

Independence activist, lawyer,  statesman, and scholar, Prasad was  closely associated with Mahatma Gandhi in the non-cooperation movement for  Indian independence. He was later  elected as the first President of India  (1950–62).

Bharat Ratna  1963

Zakir Husain 

Independence activist and education  philosopher, Husain served as a Vice  Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim  University (1948–56) and the Governor  of Bihar (1957–62). Later, he was  elected as second Vice-President of India  (1962–67) and went on to become the  third President of India (1967–69).

Pandurang  

Vaman Kane

Indologist and Sanskrit scholar, Kane is  best known for his five-volume literary  work, History of Dharmasastra: Ancient  and Medieval Religious and Civil Law in  India; the "monumental" work that  extends over nearly 6,500 pages and  being published from 1930 to 1962.

Bharat Ratna  1966

Lal Bahadur  Shastri

Known for his slogan "Jai Jawan Jai  Kisan" ("Hail the Soldier, Hail the  Farmer"), Independence activist Shastri  served as second Prime Minister of India  (1964–66) and led the country during  the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.


Bharat Ratna  1971

Indira Gandhi 

Known as the "Iron Lady of  India", Gandhi was the Prime Minister of  India during 1966–77 and 1980–84.  During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971,  her government supported Bangladesh  Liberation War which led to the  formation of a new country, Bangladesh.

Bharat Ratna  1975

V. V. Giri 

While studying at the University College  Dublin, Giri was involved in the Irish  Sinn Fein movement. Returning to India,  he organized labour unions and brought  them to take active participation in  Indian freedom struggle. He was elected  as the first President of the All India  Trade Union Congress in 1926. Post 

independence, Giri held positions of  Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Kerala and  Mysore and various other cabinet  ministries. He became the first acting  President and was eventually elected as  the fourth President of India (1969–74).

Bharat Ratna  1976

K. Kamaraj 

Independence activist and statesman  Kamaraj was a former Chief Minister of  Tamil Nadu for three terms; 1954–57,  1957–62, and 1962–63.

Bharat Ratna  1980

Mother Teresa 

"Saint Mother Teresa of Calcutta" was a  catholic nun and the founder of  the Missionaries of Charity. She was 




awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her  humanitarian work in 1979 and  was beatified on 19 October 2003  by Pope John Paul II and canonised on 4  September 2016 by Pope Francis.

1983 

Vinoba Bhave 

Independence activist, social reformer,  and a close associate of Mahatma  Gandhi, Bhave is best known for  his Bhoodan movement, "Land-Gift  Movement". He was given the honorific  title "Acharya" ("teacher") and was  awarded the Ramon Magsaysay  Award (1958) for his humanitarian work.

Bharat Ratna  1987

Khan Abdul  Ghaffar Khan

Widely known as "Frontier Gandhi",  independence activist and Pashtun  leader Khan was a follower of Mahatma  Gandhi. He joined Khilafat Movement in  1920 and founded Khudai  Khidmatgar ("Red Shirt movement") in  1929.

1988 

M.G.  

Ramachandran

Actor turned politician Ramachandran  served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu  for three terms; 1977–80, 1980–84, and  1985–87.

Bharat Ratna  1990

DRB. R. Ambedkar 

Social reformer and leader of  the Dalits ("Untouchables"), Ambedkar  was the Chief architect of the Indian 




Constitution and also served as the  first Law Minister of India. Ambedkar  predominantly campaigned against the  social discrimination with Dalits,  the Hindu varna system. He was  associated with the Dalit Buddhist  movement and accepted Buddhism as a  religion along with his close to half a  million followers on 14 October 1956.

Nelson Mandela 

Leader of the Anti-Apartheid  Movement in South Africa, Mandela was  the President of South Africa (1994– 99). Often called as the "Gandhi of  South Africa", Mandela's African National  Congress movement was influenced  by Gandhian philosophy. In 1993, he  was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Bharat Ratna  1991

Rajiv Gandhi 

Gandhi was the ninth Prime Minister of  India serving from 1984 to 1989.

Vallabhbhai  

Patel

Widely known as the "Iron Man of  India", Patel was an independence  activist and first Deputy Prime Minister  of India (1947–50). Post-independence,  "Sardar" ("Leader") Patel worked with V.  P. Menon towards dissolving  555 princely states into the Indian  union.



Morarji Desai 

Independence activist Desai was the  sixth Prime Minister of India (1977– 79). He is the only Indian national to be  awarded the Nishan-e-Pakistan, highest  civilian award given by the Government  of Pakistan.

Bharat Ratna  1992

Abul Kalam Azad 

Independence activist Azad was India's  first Minister of Education and worked  towards free primary education. He was  widely known as "Maulana Azad" and his  birthday on 11 November is observed  as National Education Day in India.

J. R. D. Tata 

Industrialist, philanthropist, and aviation  pioneer, Tata founded India's first  airline Air India. He is the founder of  various institutes including Tata Institute  of Fundamental Research, Tata Memorial  Hospital, Tata Institute of Social  Sciences, Tata Motors, TCS, National  Institute of Advanced Studies,  and National Centre for the Performing  Arts.

Satyajit Ray 

Having debuted as a director with Pather  Panchali (1955), film-maker Ray is  credited with bringing world recognition  to Indian cinema. In 1984, Ray was  awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award,  India's highest award in cinema.


Bharat Ratna  1997

Gulzarilal Nanda 

Independence activist Nanda was two  times interim Prime Minister of India  (1964, 1966) and two times deputy  chairman of the Planning Commission.

Aruna Asaf Ali 

Independence activist Ali is better  known for hoisting the Indian flag in  Bombay during the Quit India Movement  in 1942. Post-Independence, Ali was  elected as Delhi's first mayor in 1958.

A. P. J. Abdul  Kalam

Aerospace and defence scientist, Kalam  was involved in the development of  India's first satellite launch vehicle SLV  III and was the architect of Integrated  Guided Missile Development Program.  He worked for Indian National  Committee for Space Research, Indian  Space Research Organisation, Defence  Research and Development Laboratory  and was appointed as the Scientific  Advisor to the Defence Minister,  Secretary to Department of Defence  Research and Development and Director  General of Defence Research and  Development Organisation. Later, he  served as the eleventh President of India  from 2002 till 2007.

Bharat Ratna  1998

M. S.  Subbulakshmi

Carnatic classical vocalist Subbulakshmi,  often hailed as "Queen of songs", is the 




first Indian musician to receive the  Ramon Magsaysay award.

Chidambaram  Subramaniam

Independence activist and former  Minister of Agriculture of India (1964– 66), Subramaniam is known for his  contribution towards Green Revolution in  India. During the late 1970s, he worked  for International Rice Research Institute,  Manila, and the International Maize and  Wheat Research Institute, Mexico.

Bharat Ratna  1999

Jayaprakash  

Narayan

Independence activist, social reformer,  and commonly referred as "Lok Nayak"  ("People's Hero"), Narayan is better  known for "Total Revolution Movement"  or "JP Movement" initiated during the  mid-1970s to "overthrow the corrupt  and exploitative Congress government".

Amartya Sen 

Winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in  Economic Sciences (1998), Sen has  done research over several topics  including social choice theory, ethics  and political philosophy, welfare  economics, decision  

theory, development economics, public  health, and gender studies.

Gopinath  

Bordoloi

Independence activist Bordoloi is the  first Chief Minister of Assam (1946–50). 




His efforts and association with the then  Minister of Home Affairs Vallabhbhai  Patel were widely acknowledged while  keeping Assam united with India when  parts of it were to merge with East  Pakistan.

Ravi Shankar 

Winner of four Grammy Awards and  often considered "the world's best known exponent of Hindustani classical  music", sitar player Shankar is known  for his collaborative work with Western  musicians including Yehudi  Menuhin and George Harrison.

Bharat Ratna  2001

Lata Mangeshkar 

Widely credited as the "nightingale of  India", playback singer Mangeshkar  started her career in the 1940s and has  sung songs in over 36 languages. In  1989, Mangeshkar was awarded  the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, India's  highest award in cinema.

Bismillah Khan 

Hindustani classical shehnai player,  Khan played the instrument for more  than eight decades and is credited to  have brought the instrument to the  centre stage of Indian music.

Bharat Ratna  2009

Bhimsen Joshi 

Hindustani classical vocalist, Joshi was a  disciple of Kirana gharana, an Indian 




musical school. He is widely known for  the Khyal genre of singing with a  "mastery over rhythm and accurate  notes".[

Bharat Ratna  2014

C. N. R. Rao 

The recipient of Honorary Doctorates  from 63 Universities  including Purdue, IIT Bombay, Oxford,  chemist and professor Rao has worked  prominently in the fields of Solid  State and Materials  

Chemistry, Spectroscopy and Molecular  Structure. He has authored around  1600 research papers and 48 books.

Sachin Tendulkar 

He played 664 international  cricket matches in a career spanning  over two decades. He holds various  cricket records including the only player  to have scored one hundred  international centuries, the first batsman  to score a double century in a One Day  International and the only player to  complete more than 30,000 runs in both  ODI and Test cricket.

Bharat Ratna  2015

Madan Mohan  Malaviya

Scholar and educational reformer  Malaviya is a founder of Akhil Bharatiya  Hindu Mahasabha (1906) and Banaras  Hindu University and served as the  university's vice-chancellor from 1919 




till 1938. He was the President of Indian  National Congress for four terms and  was the Chairman of Hindustan  Times from 1924 to 1946.

Atal Bihari  Vajpayee

Parliamentarian for over four decades,  Vajpayee was elected nine times to  the Lok Sabha, twice to the Rajya  Sabha and served as the Prime Minister  of India for three terms; 1996, 1998,  1999–2004. He was Minister of External  Affairs during 1977–79 and was awarded  the "Best Parliamentarian" in 1994.

Bharat Ratna  2019

Pranab  

Mukherjee

He is an Indian politician who served as  the 13th President of India from 2012  until 2017. He has been a senior leader  in the Indian National Congress and has  occupied several ministerial portfolios in  the Government of India. Prior to his  election as President, he was Union  Finance Minister from 2009 to 2012.

Nanaji  

Deshmukh

He was a social activist from India. He  worked in the fields of education, health,  and rural self-reliance. He was a  member of RSS, a leader of the  Bharatiya Jana Sangh and also a  member of the Rajya Sabha. He was  honoured with the Padma Vibhushan in  1999. India’s first Saraswati Shishu 



Mandir was established by him at  Gorakhpur in 1950.

Bhupen Hazarika 

He was an Indian playback singer,  lyricist, musician, singer, poet and film maker from Assam, widely known as  Sudhakantha. Before he got Bharat  Ranta (India's highest civilian award), he  received the National Film Award for  Best Music Direction in 1975. Recipient  of Sangeet Natak Academy Award  (1987), Padmashri (1977), and  Padmabhushan (2001), and also  awarded with Dada Saheb Phalke Award  (1992).



Post a Comment

0 Comments